Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41099856›Full record

ArticleArchives of toxicology2026

Method validation for quantification of five antineoplastic agents in urine using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

Eline Verscheure, Dina Vandervoort, Emily Deruyck, Katrien Poels, Manosij Ghosh, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Lode Godderis

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Eline VerscheureCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-2322-0941
Dina VandervoortCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Emily DeruyckCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Katrien PoelsCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Manosij GhoshCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Jeroen VanoirbeekCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Lode GodderisCentre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. lode.godderis@kuleuven.be.

Funding

Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek 1SD2322N
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antineoplastic agents are hazardous compounds frequently used in cancer treatment. It is already known that the hospital environment poses a risk of occupational exposure to these agents. However, recent years, the rise of outpatient treatment and at-home treatment has introduced an additional risk including also cohabitants of patients. We identified a clear need for highly sensitive monitoring methods to assess exposure to high-risk compounds in a home setting. This study presents two validated methods for quantifying five high-risk antineoplastic agents in urine: one for cyclophosphamide, etoposide, mitomycin C and imatinib, and one for alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. Liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate was used for extraction of cyclophosphamide, etoposide, mitomycin C and imatinib from urine. Alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine was extracted using solid-phase extraction with Oasis HLB cartridges. All samples were analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. During method validation, selectivity, extraction efficiency, matrix effect, process efficiency, linearity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy were established. The lower limits of quantification were determined to be 0.1 ng/mL (cyclophosphamide and mitomycin C), 0.7 ng/mL (etoposide), 1 ng/mL (alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine) and 10 ng/mL (imatinib). The methods were fully validated and are now ready for application in the field.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationTandem Mass SpectrometryBenzamidesChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCyclophosphamideEtoposideHumansImatinib MesylateLiquid-Liquid ExtractionMitomycinPiperazinesPyrimidinesReproducibility of ResultsSolid Phase ExtractionAntineoplastic AgentsBenzamidesCyclophosphamideEtoposideImatinib MesylateMitomycinPiperazinesPyrimidinesAnticancer drugBiomonitoringChemical exposureLiquid chromatographyMass spectrometryTrace analysis

Identifiers

PMID41099856

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.