ArticleThe Laryngoscope2026
Early Surgery Reduces Psychiatric and Learning Disorder Risk in Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Screening for Sleep-Disordered Breathing Risk in Pediatric Dental Care: A Protocol Combining Questionnaire-Based Stratification and Wearable Home Sleep Monitoring.Methods and protocols · 2026Article
- Participation of children with obstructive sleep apnea in clinical trials: a systematic review of barriers and interventions.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Efficacy of van Beek headgear activator in adolescents with UARS and hyperdivergent skeletal class II malocclusion: dentofacial morphology, airway, and growth.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Early Surgery Reduces Psychiatric and Learning Disorder Risk in Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether the type and timing of intervention for pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) affect the risk of developing neuropsychiatric and learning disorders.
methodsA retrospective cohort study using TriNetX, from January 2016 to March 2025, was conducted. Patients < 18 years with a diagnosis of SDB were included. Propensity score matching (1:1) based on demographics and concomitant diagnoses was performed for three comparisons: untreated versus surgical management (n = 152,653), untreated versus non-surgical management (n = 8,634), and surgical versus non-surgical management (n = 8,873). The incidence of anxiety, depressive, eating, behavioral, and learning disorders at 1 year, 5 years, and anytime post-intervention was recorded. In surgical patients, outcomes were also stratified by timing of surgery: within versus beyond 3, 6, and 12 months of diagnosis.
resultsCompared to surgery, no treatment was associated with significantly elevated risk of anxiety (risk ratio [RR] 1.44), depressive (RR 1.71), eating (RR 1.27), behavioral (RR 1.31), and learning disorders (RR 1.39) at 1 year. Compared to surgery, non-surgical management significantly increased the risk of anxiety (RR 2.27), depressive (RR 1.69), behavioral (RR 1.24), and learning disorders (RR 2.72) at 1 year. Similar trends were observed at 5 years. Surgery within 6 months significantly reduced the risk of anxiety (RR 1.06), eating (RR 1.38), behavioral (RR 1.12), and learning disorders (RR 1.14) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons).
conclusionEarly surgical intervention for pediatric SDB is associated with significantly lower risks of neuropsychiatric and learning disorders compared to delayed surgery, non-surgical management, or no treatment, necessitating validation through future prospective trials. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3:
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