Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41098945›Full record

ArticleNeuroscience applied2025

Psychological resilience in trench warfare: Leveraging mental health frameworks for Ukrainian soldiers.

Iryna Frankova, Vladyslav Klochkov, Marta Pyvovarenko, Oleh Hukovskyy, Joseph Zohar, Eric Vermetten

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroscience applied, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Iryna FrankovaDepartment of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Vladyslav KlochkovAmerican University Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Marta PyvovarenkoLesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine.
Oleh HukovskyyArmed Forces of Ukraine, Ukraine.
Joseph ZoharSheba Medical Centre, Tel HaShomer, Israel.
Eric VermettenLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ongoing Russia-Ukraine War has highlighted the profound psychological toll of asymmetrical and hybrid warfare on military personnel, underscoring the need for tailored mental health interventions. This opinion paper examines the psychological challenges faced by Ukrainian soldiers, including prolonged combat stress, moral injury, and exposure to traumatic events. It reviews the effectiveness and limitations of existing mental health frameworks, such as Combat and Operational Stress Control (COSC), and proposes adaptations for application in low- and middle-income contexts. Key innovations in mental health support are explored, including the integration of digital tools, personalized interventions, and culturally adapted protocols like iCOVER, which emphasize resilience, flexibility, and coping efficacy. The paper also identifies gaps in training, preparedness, and long-term care, particularly in addressing continuous stressors like drone warfare, prolonged deployments, and hybrid psychological operations. A revised framework is proposed to enhance psychological readiness, incorporating principles such as maintaining routines, fostering cohesion, and sustaining hope and purpose. These principles are vital for addressing the unique challenges of trench warfare and the psychological effects of protecting one's homeland. Insights from this study offer practical guidance for mental health professionals and policymakers, emphasizing the need for scalable, context-sensitive approaches to sustain the mental fitness and survivability of soldiers in protracted conflicts.

Indexed as

Combat stressContinuous traumatic stressMilitaryResilienceTraumaWar

Identifiers

PMID41098945
PMCPMC12519251

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.