Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41098734›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025

Signaling intact membrane-bound IL-15 enables potent anti-tumor activity and safety of CAR-NK cells.

Xiaodi Xu, Peiyu Cao, Meng Wang, Yan Wan, Shuwen Sun, Yuxin Chen, Yilin Liu, Tong Su, Ge Gao, Xinze Liu and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Cellular immunotherapy in melanoma: the next frontier in cancer treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Xiaodi XuCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Peiyu CaoCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Meng WangCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yan WanCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Shuwen SunCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yuxin ChenCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yilin LiuCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Tong SuCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Ge GaoCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Xinze LiuThe Second Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Weixiang ZhongCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Xi ChenCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Xiaoyuan LuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Buze ChenCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Junnian ZhengCenter of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Gang WangCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Huizhong LiCancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells are a promising and safe alternative to CAR-T cells. However, the limited persistence Methods: A signaling intact membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL-15) was designed by fusing IL-15 and full-length IL-15Rα and was systematically compared with secretory IL-15 (sIL-15) in a B7H3-targeting CAR-NK cell system regarding their functionality and safety through various Results: Both expression of sIL-15 or mbIL-15 significantly enhanced the proliferation by activating STAT5 and improved anti-tumor activity of CAR-NK cells Conclusion: Head-to-head comparative studies demonstrated that signaling intact mbIL-15 significantly improved therapeutic efficacy and safety of CAR-NK cells compared to sIL-15, which provided preclinical evidence for future clinical development.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveInterleukin-15Killer Cells, NaturalOvarian NeoplasmsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationFemaleHumansInterleukin-15 Receptor alpha SubunitMiceSignal TransductionSTAT5 Transcription FactorXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysInterleukin-15Interleukin-15 Receptor alpha SubunitReceptors, Chimeric AntigenSTAT5 Transcription FactorCAR-NK cellsimmunotherapymembrane-bound IL-15safetysolid tumors

Identifiers

PMID41098734
PMCPMC12518233

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.