ReviewACS pharmacology & translational science2025
Role of Colony Stimulating Factor 1 (CSF-1) and Its Receptor CSF1R: Macrophage Repolarization for Glioblastoma Treatment.
Review in ACS pharmacology & translational science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tissue-Resident Macrophage in Inflammation and Cancer.MedComm · 2026Review
- Dual-Function Lipid-Based Nanovector Strategy for Glioblastoma Immunotherapy: STING Activation and M1 Microglia Polarization.Drug development research · 2026Review
- Multimodal phototherapy for Glioblastoma: from mechanistic action to synergistic delivery and therapeutic strategies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages in DMG/DIPG: emerging molecular and biophysical strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Zinc oxide nanoparticles mitigate insulin resistance in a D-galactose-induced C57BL/6 mouse model.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and prevailing form of primary brain tumor, illustrated by its rapid growth and invasive nature. GBM continues to be highly incurable despite advancements in treatment due to its complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and the unique characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). This review explores the function of macrophages within the TME of GBM, specifically emphasizing the impact of colony-stimulating Factor-1 (CSF-1) and its receptor CSF1R in macrophage biology. The progression, survival, and differentiation of TAMs, which often rely on immunosuppressive properties that contribute to tumor growth and treatment resistance, are facilitated by elevated CSF-1 levels in GBM. The inhibition of CSF1R presents a promising therapeutic strategy, as it selectively targets tumor-promoting macrophages while sparing antitumor macrophages. Preclinical evidence demonstrates improved survival outcomes through CSF1R inhibition in mouse models, highlighting its potential for clinical application. Ongoing clinical trials further investigate this approach, aiming to enhance treatment efficacy for patients with GBM. This review concludes by emphasizing the significance of repolarizing macrophages as a novel therapeutic opportunity in GBM management, alongside emerging trends and future research directions that could lead to breakthroughs in treatment strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.