Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41097230›Full record

SynthesisNutrients2025

Clinical Applications of Probiotics in Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics-A Systematic Review.

Lucia Giannini, Giovanna Stella, Giovanni Cattaneo, Gianna Dipalma, Cinzia Maspero

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lucia GianniniDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3132-1750
Giovanna StellaDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Giovanni CattaneoDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Gianna DipalmaDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Cinzia MasperoDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5930-1698

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn recent years, scientific interest in probiotics in oral health has grown exponentially. This systematic review aims to analyze the effectiveness of probiotic use in dentistry, specifically in two areas: orthodontics and pediatric dentistry.

methodsForty studies (RCTs, systematic reviews, clinical and preclinical studies) published between 2001 and 2025 were selected from the literature (PubMed) to evaluate the impact of probiotics on clinical, microbiological, and patient-specific parameters.

resultsResults generally indicate that the most observed effect is the reduction in

conclusionsAlthough the data obtained so far are very encouraging, further clinical studies are needed to define standardized protocols, identify the most effective strains, and evaluate the effects of long-term probiotic use. Probiotics therefore represent a promising and potentially valuable addition to preventive strategies in dentistry, particularly in orthodontics and pediatric dentistry, when integrated into a sustainable and personalized approach to patient oral health.

Indexed as

OrthodonticsPediatric DentistryProbioticsChildDental CariesHalitosisHumansOral HealthStreptococcus mutansorthodonticspediatric dentistryprobiotics

Identifiers

PMID41097230
PMCPMC12526385

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.