Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41097192›Full record

ArticleNutrients2025

Effects of Ultra-Processed Diets on Adiposity, Gut Barrier Integrity, Inflammation, and Microbiota in Male and Female Mice.

Caroline de Menezes, Clara Machado Campolim, Angie Triana, Kênia Moreno de Oliveira, Leticia Gama S Calixto, Fernanda Garofalo Xavier, Mario J A Saad, Everardo Magalhães Carneiro, Patricia O Prada

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Caroline de MenezesSchool of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil.
Clara Machado CampolimDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-0639-3661
Angie TrianaSchool of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil.
Kênia Moreno de OliveiraObesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology (IB), State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, SP, Brazil.
Leticia Gama S CalixtoDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-5876-0956
Fernanda Garofalo XavierObesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology (IB), State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0004-8520-5319
Mario J A SaadDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil.
Everardo Magalhães CarneiroObesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology (IB), State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, SP, Brazil.
Patricia O PradaSchool of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-4245-8867

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) - INCT 573856/2008-7Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) 2024/10960-6 and 2018/26080-4Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) 465693/2014-8National Council for Scientific and Technological Development 402941/2022-5 and 200568/2022-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe consumption of highly palatable ultra-processed foods (UPFs), enriched in sugar, saturated fat, and salt, increases the risk of morbidity and mortality by inducing obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a UPF-rich diet on adiposity, feeding behavior, glucose homeostasis, intestinal barrier markers, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and microbiota in male and female C57BL/6J mice.

methodsAnimals received a chow diet or a UPF diet for 10 (UPF10) or 30 days (UPF30). UPF10 induced greater calorie intake as early as 10 days on a UPF diet. Fat accumulation occurs in both sexes, specifically after 30 days of exposure.

resultsThe duration of UPF exposure significantly influenced glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. A 10-day UPF diet was associated with lower fasting blood glucose levels, without higher insulin levels, in both sexes. Females showed early impairment in glucose tolerance. Male mice on UPF30 exhibited elevated systemic IL-6 levels, as well as reduced intestinal expression of

conclusionsA diet high in UPFs promoted metabolic, inflammatory, and gut microbiota alterations, with effects varying according to exposure duration and biological context, and becoming more pronounced after 30 days.

Indexed as

AdiposityDiet, WesternFood, ProcessedHyperphagiaPrediabetic StateAnimalsBlood GlucoseEnergy MetabolismFemaleGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGlucose Tolerance TestInflammationIntestinal Barrier FunctionMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLBlood Glucosecytokinesfeedinggut microbiotainflammationintestine barrierobesityultra-processed foods

Identifiers

PMID41097192
PMCPMC12526148

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.