Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41096616›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Cardiac Myosin Inhibitors in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: From Sarcomere to Clinic.

Kazufumi Nakamura, Takahiro Okumura, Seiya Kato, Kenji Onoue, Toru Kubo, Hidemichi Kouzu, Toshiyuki Yano, Takayuki Inomata

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kazufumi NakamuraDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-8845-3626
Takahiro OkumuraDepartment of Advanced Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5076-2052
Seiya KatoDivision of Pathology, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka 810-0001, Japan.
Kenji OnoueDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan.
Toru KuboDepartment of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5681-8854
Hidemichi KouzuDepartment of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7815-1464
Toshiyuki YanoDepartment of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-9655-3985
Takayuki InomataDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.ORCID 0009-0007-4009-2359

Funding

Grant Program for Biomedical Engineering Research from the Nakatani Foundation 2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disease characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy, often resulting from pathogenic variants of sarcomeric protein genes. Conventional treatments, such as the use of beta blockers or calcium channel blockers, focus on symptomatic control but do not address the underlying hypercontractility at the sarcomere level. Recent advances in molecular understanding have led to the development of cardiac myosin inhibitors that directly modulate sarcomeric function by reducing myosin-actin cross-bridge formation and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. Mavacamten and aficamten have shown promising results in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials, improving symptoms, exercise capacity, and left ventricular outflow tract gradients in patients with obstructive HCM. This review summarizes the current understanding of HCM pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, and conventional treatments with a focus on the mechanisms of action of myosin inhibitors, clinical evidence supporting their use, and future directions for improvement. We also discuss their potential applications in non-obstructive HCM and the importance of precision medicine guided by genetic profiling.

Indexed as

Cardiac MyosinsCardiomyopathy, HypertrophicSarcomeresAnimalsHumansMyosinsCardiac MyosinsMyosinsaficamtenheart failurehypertrophic cardiomyopathymavacamtenmyosin inhibitorssarcomere

Identifiers

PMID41096616
PMCPMC12524620

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.