Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41096474›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025

Vitamin A Supplementation Induces AMFK Production to Promote Cartilage Proliferation and Antler Growth in Sika Deer.

Huazhe Si, Songze Li, Huanhuan Liu, Xing Duan, Ruijia Deng, Yuhang Zhu, Yunxi Zhang, Sibo Chen, Shaoying Wang, Cuiliu Ma and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Huazhe SiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4721-5047
Songze LiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Huanhuan LiuCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Xing DuanCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Ruijia DengCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Yuhang ZhuCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Yunxi ZhangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Sibo ChenCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Shaoying WangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.ORCID 0009-0007-1121-7677
Cuiliu MaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Yongxiang LiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Jianan SangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Xiuhua GaoCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Hanlu LiuCollege of Agriculture, Chifeng University, Chifeng 024000, China.
Weixiao NanCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Zhipeng LiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8474-045X

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFD1302000The Science and Technology Development Program from Jilin Province 20240101239JC
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antlers are unique mammalian organs that grow rapidly through extensive cartilage proliferation. Vitamin A (VA), via retinoic acid, is known to influence skeletal development, yet its contribution to antler growth remains unclear. We investigated whether rumen-protected VA supplementation modulates antler biology in sika deer by integrating gut microbiota profiling, fecal and serum metabolomics, antler cartilage transcriptomics, and in vitro chondrocyte assays. VA was associated with compositional shifts in the gut microbiota and altered metabolic profiles in feces and serum. Notably, the melatonin-derived metabolite AMFK increased in both matrices and showed strong associations with antler weight and cartilage-related gene expression. VA-supplemented deer exhibited higher antler weight, and antler transcriptomes indicated changes in pathways consistent with cartilage extracellular matrix and growth signaling. In chondrocytes, AMFK promoted proliferation and upregulated chondrogenic markers. Together, these findings suggest that VA may promote antler growth through a microbiota-metabolite-gene axis rather than by altering systemic retinol alone.

Indexed as

antler transcriptomicsfecal microbiotaSika deervitamin A

Identifiers

PMID41096474
PMCPMC12523666

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.