Ontology-Based Modelling and Analysis of Sustainable Polymer Systems: PVC Comparative Polymer and Implementation Perspectives.

Alexander Chidara, Kai Cheng, David Gallear

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

3citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alexander ChidaraDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.ORCID 0009-0005-5328-0135

Kai ChengDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.

David GallearBrunel Business School, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study develops an ontology-based decision support framework to enhance sustainable polymer recycling within the circular economy. The framework, constructed in Protégé (OWL 2), systematically captures polymer categories with emphasis on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polylactic acid (PLA), and rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as well as recycling processes, waste classifications, and sustainability indicators such as carbon footprint. Semantic reasoning was implemented using the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) and SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) to infer optimal material flows and sustainable pathways. Validation through a UK industrial case study confirmed both the framework's applicability and highlighted barriers to large-scale recycling, including performance gaps between virgin and recycled polymers. The comparative analysis showed carbon footprints of 2.8 kg CO

Indexed as

circular economyontologypolymer sustainabilitypolyvinyl chloride (PVC)recycling technologiessemantic reasoningsustainable materials

Identifiers

PMID41096258

DOI10.3390/polym17192612

PMCPMC12526588

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.