Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41096256›Full record

ArticlePolymers2025

Study of the Influence of Melamine and Expanded Graphite on Selected Properties of Polyurethane Foams Based on Uracil Derivatives.

Elżbieta Chmiel-Szukiewicz, Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Elżbieta Chmiel-SzukiewiczDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5000-2296
Joanna Paciorek-SadowskaDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Polyurethanes, Institute of Materials Engineering, Kazimierz Wielki University, J. K. Chodkiewicza Street 30, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0845-0404

Funding

The Minister of Science and Higher Education Republic of Poland, within the program "Regional Excellence Initiative" RID/SP/0032/2024/01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polyurethane foams containing heterocyclic rings are characterized by high thermal resistance, but unfortunately, they are flammable. This work examined the effect of halogen-free flame retardants such as melamine and expanded graphite: EG 096 and EG 290 on the properties of foams with a 1,3-pyrimidine ring. Oligoetherol obtained from 6-aminouracil, ethylene carbonate, and propylene oxide was foamed with polymeric diphenylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate with the addition of flame retardants. The oxygen index was determined, and flammability tests were conducted on the resulting foams. Their apparent density, water absorption, thermal resistance, thermal conductivity coefficient, and compressive strength were also examined. Both melamine and expanded graphite significantly reduce the flammability of foams. The resulting foams are classified as V-0 flammability class, and their oxygen index is in the range of 24.9-29.5 vol.%. Expanded graphite is a better flame retardant and does not cause deterioration of other foam properties.

Indexed as

expanded graphiteflame retardantmelaminepolyurethane foams

Identifiers

PMID41096256
PMCPMC12526786

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.