ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Water-Soaking Pretreatment for Enhanced Performance and Heavy Metal Immobilization in Alkali-Activated Pyrolysis MSWIFA Materials.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
This study demonstrates that synergistic pyrolysis and water-soaking pretreatment transforms municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) into high-performance alkali-activated materials when combined with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Pyrolysis reduced chlorine content by 94.3% and increased reactive components by 44.4%, thereby shifting hydration products from Friedel's salt to ettringite (AFt). Subsequent water-soaking eliminated expansion-causing elemental aluminum, liberating activators for enhanced reaction completeness (29% higher cumulative heat release) and enabling a denser matrix with 71.5% harmless pores (<20 nm). The dual-treated FA (T-PFA) achieved exceptional mechanical performance-295.6% higher 56-day compressive strength versus untreated FA at a 1:1 ratio-while reducing porosity by 29.1% relative to pyrolyzed-only FA. Despite 22-38% increased total heavy metal content post-pyrolysis, matrix densification and enhanced C-A-S-H/AFt formation reduced Cr/Cd/Cu/Pb leaching by 11.3-66.7% through strengthened physical encapsulation and chemisorption, with all leachates meeting stringent HJ 1134-2020 thresholds. This integrated approach provides an efficient, environmentally compliant pathway for MSWI FA valorization in low-carbon construction materials.
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