Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41095325›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Comparison of Porosity and Thermal Conductivity of Concrete and Alkali-Activated Hybrid Binders in 3D-Printed Fiber-Reinforced Foamed Composites.

Magdalena Rudziewicz, Marcin Maroszek, Marek Hebda

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Magdalena RudziewiczFaculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0009-0004-9444-5699
Marcin MaroszekFaculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6554-4613
Marek HebdaFaculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8583-9459

Funding

Ministry of Science and Higher Education DWD/6/0528/2022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fiber-reinforced foamed composites have recently attracted growing interest due to their potential in sustainable construction and advanced additive manufacturing. However, their performance strongly depends on the type of matrix and fiber system used. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of matrix type and fiber composition on the porosity, thermal behavior, and mechanical performance of 3D-printed fiber-reinforced foamed composites. To this end, cementitious mixtures (M1-M3) were compared with alkali-activated hybrid binder systems (M4-M6). The results revealed marked differences in mechanical strength, dimensional stability, moisture transport, and interlayer cohesion. Alkali-activated specimens, particularly M5 and M6, exhibited superior compressive, flexural, and shear strength; reduced water penetration; and improved fiber-matrix bonding, associated with a denser and more homogeneous pore structure. In contrast, cementitious composites showed greater dimensional stability and easier process control, indicating practical advantages for large-scale on-site applications. The results highlight that while alkali activation and hybrid fiber reinforcement enhance structural performance, non-activated foamed concretes remain promising for applications prioritizing simplicity, reproducibility, and thermal insulation.

Indexed as

3D concrete printingfiber reinforcementfoamed materials

Identifiers

PMID41095325
PMCPMC12526428

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.