Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41094898›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Advances in Magnetic UAV Sensing: A Comparative Study of the MagNimbus and MagArrow Magnetometers.

Filippo Accomando, Andrea Barone, Francesco Mercogliano, Maurizio Milano, Andrea Vitale, Raffaele Castaldo, Pietro Tizzani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Filippo AccomandoInstitute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy (CNR IREA), Via Diocleziano, 328, 80124 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9868-2641
Andrea BaroneInstitute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy (CNR IREA), Via Diocleziano, 328, 80124 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2448-7197
Francesco MercoglianoInstitute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy (CNR IREA), Via Diocleziano, 328, 80124 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0009-0000-3660-6010
Maurizio MilanoDepartment of Earth, Environmental and Resources Science (DiSTAR), Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8907-6428
Andrea VitaleGAIA iLAB, Piazzale E. Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6663-897X
Raffaele CastaldoInstitute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy (CNR IREA), Via Diocleziano, 328, 80124 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8425-0781
Pietro TizzaniInstitute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy (CNR IREA), Via Diocleziano, 328, 80124 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9745-5674

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The integration of miniaturized magnetometers with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has revolutionized magnetic surveying, offering flexible, high-resolution, and cost-effective solutions for geophysical applications also in remote areas. This study presents a comparative analysis of two configurations using UAV-borne scalar magnetometers through several surveys conducted in the Altopiano di Verteglia (Southern Italy), chosen as a test-site since buried pipes are present. The two systems differ significantly in sensor-platform arrangement, noise sensitivity, and flight configuration. Specifically, the first employs the MagNimbus magnetometer with two sensors rigidly attached on two masts at fixed distances, respectively, above and below the UAV, enabling the vertical gradient estimation while increasing noise due to proximity to the platform. The second involves the use of the MagArrow magnetometer suspended at 3 m below the UAV through non-rigid ropes, which benefits from minimal electromagnetic interference but suffers from oscillation-related instability. The retrieved magnetic anomaly maps effectively indicate the location and orientation of buried pipes within the studied area. Our comparative analysis emphasizes the trade-offs between the two systems: the MagNimbus-based configuration offers greater stability and operational efficiency, whereas the MagArrow-based one provides cleaner signals, which deteriorate with the vertical gradient computation. This work underscores the need to optimize UAV-magnetometer configurations based on environmental, operational, and survey-specific constraints to maximize data quality in drone-borne magnetic investigations.

Indexed as

drone geophysicsmagnetic anomaly detectionmagnetic gradiometerUAV magnetometry

Identifiers

PMID41094898
PMCPMC12527078

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.