ArticleAnnals of general psychiatry2025
Efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium combined with high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depression in adolescents: a preliminary randomised controlled trial.
Article in Annals of general psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium combined with high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating depression in adolescents.
methodsA total of 100 patients were selected and divided into an experimental group (n = 50) and a control group (n = 50) using a random number table. Patients in the experimental group were treated with Bifidobacterium and high-frequency rTMS, and those in the control group were treated with oral escitalopram oxalate. After 8 weeks of treatment, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) score, serum inflammatory factors, neuroendocrine indicators and microRNAs were determined in both groups. The single-blind principle was strictly followed throughout the study.
resultsThe HAMD-24 score after treatment significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The levels of serum tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 also decreased significantly in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the elevated levels of dopamine, serotonin and cortisol, including dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and cortisol, was more pronounced in the experimental group than in the control group. The serum levels of miR-16 and miR-195 also showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
conclusionBifidobacterium combined with high-frequency rTMS is effective in the treatment of depression in adolescents with a favourable safety profile, providing references for the clinical treatment of this disease. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: ISRCTN16752763 ( https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN16752763 ), Date: 19/03/2025.
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