Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41094487›Full record

Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2025

Effect of lower limb mirror visual feedback on cortical activation in healthy subjects: a self-controlled randomized trail.

Wei Cui, Yang Tian, Qian Yu, Lin Huang, Yan Yang, Huifang Liu, Li Xu

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wei Cui *Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yang Tian *Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Qian YuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Lin HuangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yan YangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Huifang LiuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. liuhuifang@med.uestc.edu.cn.
Li XuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. xulikf@med.uestc.edu.cn.

Funding

Cadres Health Committee of Sichuan Provincial 2022-201Cadres Health Committee of Sichuan Provincial 2023-202Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province 2021YJ0432National Natural Science Foundation of China 82002395Scientific research subject of Sichuan Health Commission 21PJ079
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMirror visual feedback (MVF) has been widely applied in the recovery of upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke, but its application in the neurological rehabilitation of the lower limbs is relatively rare, and the neural mechanism of MVF on the lower limbs is not yet clear. This study aims to explore the impact of lower limb mirror visual feedback (LLMVF) on the cerebral cortex and its possible neural mechanisms.

method23 healthy subjects were selected to conduct a self-controlled randomized study using a block design, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to monitor the activation of brain regions in real LLMVF and sham LLMVF. The left lower limb of the subject was set as the active leg to perform active knee flexion and extension movements, and the right lower limb was set as the observation leg (shielded behind the mirror without any movement).

resultsThe mean HbO changes of LLMVF was significantly higher in the bilateral premotor and supplementary motor cortex (PM + SMA) (right: p = 0.010, left: p = 0.049), the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPF) (right: p = 0.030, left: p = 0.003), the left S1 (p = 0.011), and the right FP (p = 0.033) compared to the sham LLMVF.

conclusionLLMVF increases neural activity in the sensory and motor related areas, indicating that LLMVF can promote more activation of brain functional areas, which verifies the top-down positive effect of LLMVF.

Indexed as

Cerebral CortexFeedback, SensoryLower ExtremityAdultFemaleHealthy VolunteersHumansMaleMotor CortexSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredYoung AdultCortical activationFunction near-infrared spectroscopyLower limbMirror visual feedbackTop-down control

Identifiers

PMID41094487
PMCPMC12522634

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.