Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41094229›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2026

Rapid dissolving microneedle patch integrated with benidipine-loaded nanotransfersomes for transdermal drug delivery: optimization, characterizations, and preclinical bioavailability assessment.

Khater Al-Japairai, Samah Hamed Almurisi, Fawaz Alheibshy, Nadiya Abdul-Halim, Syed Mahmood

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Formulation andACS omega · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Khater Al-JapairaiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Gambang, Malaysia.
Samah Hamed AlmurisiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Fawaz AlheibshyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, 2240, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Nadiya Abdul-HalimDepartment of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Gambang, Malaysia.
Syed MahmoodDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. syedmahmood@um.edu.my.ORCID 0000-0002-9052-147X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Benidipine hydrochloride (BEN) is widely prescribed for managing hypertension; however, its clinical efficacy is limited by poor oral bioavailability. This study introduces an innovative delivery approach, incorporating BEN-loaded nanotransfersomes (BEN-TF) into a rapid dissolving microneedles (DMNs) patch for transdermal administration. The nanotransfersomal formulation was optimised via a Box-Behnken design following preparation using a thin-film hydration method. The optimised formulation exhibited favourable characteristics, including a vesicle size of 124.9 ± 1.49 nm, high entrapment efficiency (98.12 ± 0.18%), and transdermal flux of 9.74 ± 0.53 μg/cm

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsDihydropyridinesDrug Delivery SystemsAdministration, CutaneousAnimalsBiological AvailabilityDrug LiberationMaleNeedlesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySkinSkin AbsorptionSolubilityTransdermal PatchAntihypertensive AgentsbenidipineDihydropyridinesBenidipineBioavailabilityDissolving MicroneedlesTransdermal Drug DeliveryTransfersomes

Identifiers

PMID41094229
PMCPMC13038691

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.