Antiproliferative activity against glioblastoma-derived cancer stem cells and blood-brain-barrier permeability of carbazole derivatives from Murraya plants and related synthetic compounds.

Kouta Ugawa, Raiki Yamamura, Kaori Yajima, Tomoe Ohta, Seikou Nakamura

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of natural medicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Antiproliferative activities of panduratin A and its derivatives against U-251 MG glioblastoma cells and U-251 MG cancer stem-like cells: structure-activity relationships and identification of PHB2 as a candidate binding protein.Journal of natural medicines · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kouta UgawaKyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.

Raiki YamamuraKyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.

Kaori YajimaKyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.

Tomoe OhtaKyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.

Seikou NakamuraKyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan. naka@mb.kyoto-phu.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-299X

Funding

JSPS KAKENHI 23H02642JSPS KAKENHI 25K10040

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carbazoles exhibit various pharmacological activities, including antitumor activity. Eustifoline-B is a carbazole from Murraya (Rutaceae) plants that exhibited strong antiproliferative activity against cancer stem cells (CSCs) that were established from a human glioblastoma (GBM) cell line (U-251 MG). This activity was stronger than that against GBM cells (non-CSCs), indicating that the activity was CSCs-selective. In this study, the efficacy of carbazole derivatives against GBM was evaluated, their structure-activity relationships were examined, and their blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability was investigated in vitro. First, 26 carbazole derivatives, two indole derivatives, and two quinoline derivatives were synthesized, including 12 new compounds. Next, 34 compounds, including the synthesized carbazole derivatives, were evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against U-251 MG CSCs and non-CSCs. Carbazoles with prenyl groups, including eustifoline-B, showed concentration-dependent antiproliferative activity against U-251 MG CSCs (IC

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicBlood-Brain BarrierCarbazolesGlioblastomaMurrayaNeoplastic Stem CellsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationHumansPermeabilityStructure-Activity RelationshipAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicCarbazolesBlood–brain barrierCancer stem cellsCarbazoleGlioblastomaMurraya

Identifiers

PMID41094227

DOI10.1007/s11418-025-01956-w

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.