Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41093752›Full record

Trial reportAIDS care2026

Caregiver attitudes towards HIV testing and contraceptive services for adolescents in Tanzania.

Katalia Alexander, David Gitagno, Rachel Jared Mtei, Anna Minja, Isaac Lema, Joseph R Egger, Eric Van Praag, Sylvia Kaaya, Joy Noel Baumgartner

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in AIDS care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Katalia AlexanderSchool of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
David GitagnoDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Rachel Jared MteiDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Anna MinjaDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Isaac LemaDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Joseph R EggerDuke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0862-9511
Eric Van PraagIndependent Consultant, Tanzania.
Sylvia KaayaDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0001-6732-3590
Joy Noel BaumgartnerSchool of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1783-8972

Funding

Adolescent Wellness Visits to Reduce Health RisksR01HD102279 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BAUMGARTNER, JOY NOEL · 2020 to 2024
$3.2M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD102279
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adolescents are disproportionately vulnerable to unintended pregnancies and delayed HIV treatment in low-resource settings. Tanzanian policies support adolescent access to contraception and HIV testing and counseling (HTC) without parental consent if needed; however, parent/guardian disapproval could lead to unmet service needs. This qualitative study explores factors that influence caregivers' attitudes towards adolescents accessing these services independently. VITAA is a cluster RCT testing a school-clinic partnership to provide adolescent health check-ups in Tanzania. Semi-structured interviews (n = 42) were conducted with a purposeful sample of parents/guardians (74% women) of VITAA participants. The extended theory of planned behavior for parent-for-child health behaviors informed thematic analysis. Many parents/guardians expressed hesitancy about adolescents accessing services independently. Contraception concerns included community norms about adolescents being too young for sex and fears that access to contraception decreases parents' behavioral control over adolescents. Conversely, many caregivers endorsed positive attitudes towards HTC, but they had worries about adolescents receiving positive test results alone. Parent/guardian attitudes shape adolescents' health-seeking behaviors and Tanzanian parents and guardians are hesitant about adolescents' independent service use for diverse reasons, including its potential relationship with sexual debut. Tailored communication interventions could encourage caregivers' support for adolescent service access to meet community goals for healthy adolescents.

Indexed as

CaregiversContraceptionHIV InfectionsHIV TestingParentsAdolescentAdultFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterviews as TopicMalePregnancyQualitative ResearchTanzaniaAdolescentscontraceptionHIV testingparent–child communicationSDG 3: Good health and well-being

Identifiers

PMID41093752
PMCPMC12818338

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.