ArticleThe journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research2025
Integrating Thyroid Autoantibodies With CA125 Enhances Diagnostic Precision for Ovarian Endometriosis: A Retrospective Study of 885 Patients.
Article in The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thyroid autoimmunity, thyroid function, and endometriosis: reproductive immune-endocrine crosstalk and causal uncertainty.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Integrating Thyroid Autoantibodies With CA125 Enhances Diagnostic Precision for Ovarian Endometriosis: A Retrospective Study of 885 Patients.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimThis study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and evaluate diagnostic biomarkers in ovarian endometriosis, with a focus on thyroid autoimmunity associations.
methodsA retrospective analysis of 885 patients (441 ovarian endometriosis cases; 444 benign ovarian tumor controls) was conducted. Clinical parameters, thyroid function markers (FT3, FT4, TSH), thyroid autoantibodies (TPOAb, TGAb), and CA125 levels were analyzed. Multivariate regression and ROC curves assessed diagnostic utility.
resultsOvarian endometriosis patients exhibited higher dysmenorrhea prevalence (49.7% vs. 15.3%, p < 0.001), bilateral cysts (26.1% vs. 8.8%, p < 0.001), endometrial polyps (21.9% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.015), and uterine fibroids (35.6% vs. 26.2%, p = 0.003) versus controls. Elevated CA125 (75.3% vs. 10.8%), TPOAb (56.9% vs. 6.5%), and TGAb (68.5% vs. 12.4%) incidences were observed in endometriosis (p < 0.001). Autoimmune thyroid disease co-occurrence was significantly higher in cases (51% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified CA125 (OR = 18.4, 95% CI: 12.5-27.6), TPOAb (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.46-4.77), and TGAb (OR = 4.03, 95% CI: 2.48-6.60) as independent risk factors (p ≤ 0.001). ROC analysis revealed AUCs of 0.895 (CA125), 0.793 (TGAb), and 0.736 (TPOAb); their combination achieved superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.924, sensitivity 88.9%, specificity 84.5%).
conclusionThis large-scale retrospective analysis demonstrates that the integration of serum CA125 with thyroid autoantibodies (TPOAb/TGAb) generates a synergistic diagnostic signature for ovarian endometriosis, achieving unprecedented discriminative accuracy (AUC 0.924) that significantly surpasses individual biomarker testing. The > 3-fold elevated co-occurrence of autoimmune thyroid dysfunction in cases reinforces an underrecognized immune-endocrine interplay in disease pathogenesis. These findings support incorporating thyroid autoimmunity screening into standard diagnostic workups to optimize risk stratification and personalized management pathways for symptomatic patients.
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