ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2026
Infections, Animal-Source Foods, and Micronutrient Status as Correlates of Serum IGF-1 in Children with Stunting: A Cross-sectional Study in Uganda.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSerum insulin-like growth factor-1 (serum IGF-1) is important for growth in childhood. Inflammation downregulates serum IGF-1, but the roles of intake of animal-source foods and micronutrient status are not well known.
objectivesWe assessed the associations of infections, intake of animal-source foods, iron, B12, folate, and vitamin A status with serum IGF-1 among stunted children.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study, using data from a nutrition trial among 12-59-mo-old stunted Ugandan children. Data on sociodemography, anthropometry, breastfeeding, dietary intake, and morbidity were collected. Serum IGF-1 and markers of micronutrient status and inflammation were determined. A rapid malaria test was done. Fat and fat-free mass were measured using bioimpedance. Tobit regression was used to assess correlates of serum IGF-1.
resultsOf 750 children, 45.1% (n = 338) were girls and 29.6% (n = 222) were <2 y. Serum IGF-1 was available on 98.7% (n = 740). Median (interquartile range) serum IGF-1 was 37.4 (24.2, 53.3) μg/L, 11.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.8, 14.9] μg/L lower in males, and 0.6 (95% CI: 0.5, 0.6) μg/L higher per month higher age. Inflammation markers were strong negative correlates of serum IGF-1. Positive malaria test was associated with lower serum IGF-1 (-4.7 μg/L, 95% CI: -7.8, -1.6), but not after inflammation adjustment (1.3 μg/L, 95% CI: -1.9, 4.6). Serum IGF-1 was associated with height-for-age z and fat-free mass. Serum retinol-binding protein <0.70 and 0.70-1.05, compared with >1.05 μmol/L was associated with 14.3 (95% CI: 9.6, 19.1) and 6.1 (95% CI: 1.6, 10.6) μg/L lower serum IGF-1 after adjustments for age, sex, and inflammation. Markers of other micronutrients were not. Intake of milk, but not meat or eggs, was associated with 3.9 (95% CI: 0.7, 7.1) μg/L higher serum IGF-1.
conclusionsMilk intake and vitamin A status were positively associated with serum IGF-1. In contrast to milk, vitamin A has not consistently been associated with growth. This requires further investigation.
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