ArticleEpidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil2025
Prevalence and factors associated with high-risk human papillomavirus infection in women living with HIV/AIDS at a referral center: a cross-sectional study, Vitória, 2021-2022.
Article in Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo analyze the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women living with HIV/AIDS and to identify associated risk factors and genotypic diversity by RT-PCR.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study of HIV-positive cisgender women treated at an HIV/AIDS referral center in Espírito Santo between May 2021 and May 2022. The study included women aged 18-64 on antiretroviral therapy with no cognitive or clinical deficits. For HPV detection and genotyping, vaginal self-collection was carried out for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sociodemographic, behavioral, laboratory, and clinical data were analyzed using Fisher's exact and chi-square tests to verify associations with HPV. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). A p-value<0.05 was considered significant.
resultsOf the 207 self-collected samples, 100.0% were valid for RT-PCR. HPV prevalence was 60.4%, with genotypes 58, 68, and 52 being the most common. In the adjusted analysis, detectable HIV/AIDS viral load was associated with a 37.0% increase in the probability of HPV infection (PR 1.37; 95%CI 1.00; 1.88). HPV-18 was associated with five times more alterations in cervical cytopathology.
conclusionWomen with HIV/AIDS had a high prevalence of high-risk HPV, predominantly genotype 58, with a higher probability of infection associated with detectable viral load. The validity of the self-collected samples proves the efficacy of the technique in HPV screening, reinforcing its potential in the prevention of cervical cancer.
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