Trial reportJAMA network open2025
COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Messaging in Emergency Departments: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
Trial report in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06156215 (PROmotion of COVID-19 BOOSTer VA), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PROmotion of COVID-19 BOOSTer VA(X)Ccination in the Emergency Department - PROBOOSTVAXED
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A National Study of Tetanus Vaccine Knowledge, Receipt and Acceptance Among Emergency Department Patients.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Patient uptake of updated COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for reducing severe outcomes, yet national uptake remains low. Objective: To determine if tailored messaging or simple inquiry about vaccine acceptance increases 30-day uptake of updated COVID-19 vaccines among emergency department (ED) patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: This 3-arm, cluster randomized clinical trial conducted from January 29 to June 18, 2024, enrolled adult ED patients who had not received a COVID-19 vaccine in the prior 6 months across 6 EDs in San Francisco, California; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Houston, Texas; and Durham, North Carolina. Interventions: Intervention M involved tailored messaging about updated COVID-19 vaccines and inquiry about vaccine acceptance. Intervention Q involved only inquiry about vaccine acceptance. Usual care (no messaging or vaccine acceptance questions) served as the control. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was updated COVID-19 vaccine receipt within 30 days of the ED visit, assessed via electronic health record review and follow-up telephone calls. Secondary outcomes included vaccine acceptance and vaccination during the ED visit. Outcomes were also compared between study sites that had the updated COVID-19 vaccine available and those that did not. Results: Of 852 participants (median age, 47 years [IQR, 33-63 years]; 464 [54.5%] women), 247 (29.0%) were in the intervention M group, 273 (32.0%) in the intervention Q group, and 332 (39.0%) in the control group. Vaccine uptake at 30 days was not significantly higher in either the intervention M group compared with control (14 participants [5.7%] vs 10 [3.0%]; absolute difference, 2.7 percentage points [pp] [95% CI, -0.8 to 6.3 pp]) or the intervention Q group compared with control (11 [4.0%] vs 10 [3.0%]; absolute difference, 1.0 pp [95% CI, -2.0 to 4.2 pp]). However, at sites where vaccines were available, the intervention M group had higher uptake compared with control (13 of 132 [9.8%] vs 5 of 150 [3.3%]; absolute difference, 6.5 pp [95% CI, 0.5-12.5 pp]). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cluster randomized clinical trial of adult ED patients, tailored messaging and simple inquiry alone did not significantly increase 30-day updated COVID-19 vaccine uptake among patients. The slight increase in uptake among participants in the EDs that had access to the updated COVID-19 vaccines suggested that vaccine availability was an effect modifier, underscoring the importance of opportunity and convenience in vaccine delivery. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06156215.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.