SynthesisOral and maxillofacial surgery2025
Comparison of occlusal splint with other treatment modalities in management of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Finite element analysis of biomechanical alterations in the temporomandibular joint induced by posterior tooth wear under the centric occlusion.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The Translational Biology of Temporomandibular Disorder Pain: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionInternal derangement is a disruption within the internal aspects of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Treatment modalities consist of conservative management (medication, modification of habits, physical therapy, splint therapy, laser therapy and ultrasound), minimally invasive (arthrocentesis with lavage, hyaluronic acid injection, and prolotherapy) and surgical management. Thus, evaluation of efficacy of occlusal splint as compared to other treatment modalities is done in this systematic review.
methodsThe focused question was formulated based on the PRISMA guidelines. Articles published in English between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2021 involving randomised controlled clinical trials performed on human subjects diagnosed with either unilateral or bilateral internal derangement of TMJ; and treatment provided with occlusal splints comparing other treatment modalities for the same were searched through databases, PubMed and Google scholar.
resultsA total of eight studies were included. Three studies evaluated occlusal splint in comparison to arthrocentesis and hyaluronic acid injection, three studies evaluated occlusal splint in comparison with control group (no active treatment), two studies evaluated occlusal splint in comparison with arthrocentesis and hyaluronic acid injection, and, one study compared occlusal splint with only arthrocentesis. One study each evaluated occlusal splint in comparison with medical therapy; prolotherapy; fixed orthodontic appliance; ultrasound, and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT); low-level laser therapy (LLLT); and, single and double hyaluronic acid injection respectively.
conclusionHyaluronic acid injection and stabilisation (occlusal) splint therapy benefits patients with painful TMJ disc displacement with reduction. However, in patients with disc displacement without reduction, arthrocentesis is a better treatment modality as compared to occlusal splints. Generalised comment on other treatment modalities namely HILT, LLLT, ultrasound and prolotherapy cannot be made due to limited study as per the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. PROSPERO REGISTRATION ID: CRD42021285027.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.