Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41091171›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2026

Neurosteroid (3α,5α)3-hydroxypregnan-20-one enhancement of anti-inflammatory chemokine CX3CL1 exhibits sex, brain region, and cellular specificity in alcohol-preferring rats.

Samantha Lucenell Chéry, Baylee R Materia, Todd K O'Buckley, Irina Balan, A Leslie Morrow

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Article in Psychopharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Samantha Lucenell ChéryBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine,, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. chery@email.unc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-5520
Baylee R MateriaBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine,, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Todd K O'BuckleyBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine,, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Irina BalanBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine,, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
A Leslie MorrowBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine,, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.

Funding

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development P50 HD103573; P30NS045892NIAAA NIH HHS NIAAA-AA11605UNC Neuroscience Microscopy Core (US) RRID:SCR_019060
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleThe neurosteroid [3α,5α]3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (3α,5α-THP) possesses anti-inflammatory properties that modulate chemokine and cytokine expression following the activation of toll-like receptors. The expression of fractalkine (CX3CL1), a chemokine involved in cross-communication in neurons, microglia, and astroglia, varies with 3α,5α-THP treatments, prompting further investigation.

objectivesThis study investigates the influence of 3α,5α-THP on fractalkine expression in neurons, microglia, and astroglia in male and female alcohol-preferring P rats.

methodsDouble-immunofluorescence confocal microscopy against CX3CL1 and markers for neuronal (neuronal nuclear antigen, NeuN), microglial (transmembrane protein 119, TMEM119), and astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) were assessed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and central amygdala (CeA) an hour after an intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg 3α,5α-THP.

results3α,5α-THP increases the expression of CX3CL1 in female (41%) and male (52%) CeA, decreases it in female NAc (-37%), and does not alter it in the male NAc. Measuring the shared voxel (intersection) between CX3CL1 and cellular markers revealed that 3α,5α-THP significantly decreases only the intersection of CX3CL1 and NeuN in both female (-32%) and male (-30%) NAc, without affecting the intersection with cellular markers in the CeA. 3α,5α-THP did not alter NeuN, TMEM119, or GFAP expression.

conclusions3α,5α-THP alters the expression of neuronal CX3CL1 in a sex- and brain region-dependent manner. The results clarify the specificity of the effect of 3α,5α-THP on neuroimmune protection in the brain.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsBrainChemokine CX3CL1PregnanoloneAnimalsAntigens, NuclearAstrocytesEthanolFemaleGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinMaleMicrogliaNerve Tissue ProteinsNeuronsNucleus AccumbensRatsAntigens, NuclearAnti-Inflammatory AgentsChemokine CX3CL1Cx3cl1 protein, ratEthanolGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinNerve Tissue ProteinsPregnanoloneRbfox3 protein, ratAllopregnanoloneastrogliacentral amygdalaCX3CL1GFAPmicrogliaNeuNneuronal fractalkinenucleus accumbensTEM119

Identifiers

PMID41091171

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.