ReviewCells2025
Inflammatory and Immune Biomarkers in Mood Disorders: From Mechanistic Pathways to Clinical Translation.
Review in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Visualized knowledge mapping on the current research trends and emerging areas of neuroimmune modulation in the past two decades.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Epilepsy as a Disorder of Neuroimmune Metabolism: The Kynurenine Pathway as a Link Between Cognitive and Psychiatric Dysfunction.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Epigenetic legacies of famine: mechanistic pathways to obesity in modern environments.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Psychological stress during medical internship is associated with inflammatory signatures linked to mental health.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Gut microenvironment-responsive copper selenide/disulfiram/eudragitJournal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Psychiatric Disorders: Current Evidence, Inflammation-Based Stratification, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The role of metabolic disorders in major depressive disorder.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Integrated Chemometric and Machine Learning Analysis Identifies Peripheral Biosignatures Distinguishing Major Depressive Disorder from Bipolar Disorder: A Translational Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Maternal immune activation with high molecular weight poly (I:C) induces selective depressive-like phenotype in adult offspring.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Immune dysregulation and neuroinflammation in bipolar disorder: Pathophysiological insights and therapeutic perspectives.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Article
- Potential preventive effects of forest bathing/Shinrin-yoku on depressive symptoms: a narrative review of mechanistic evidence.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Review
- The kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia: convergent signals, divergent states, and clinical signatures.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Reconceptualizing bipolar disorder through an integrative biological lens: synthesis, convergence, and emerging directions.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Targeting the gut-immune-brain axis: pharmacological insights from depression in inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Psychoinflammation: a conceptual framework for peripheral inflammatory phenotypes in mental health.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Inter-organ crosstalk in systemic inflammation: a narrative review of molecular mechanisms and pharmacological modulation in the muscle-adipose-liver axis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Chemotherapy-Induced Remodeling of the Gut Microbiota-Inflammation Axis: Implications for the Course of Bipolar Disorder.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
- Interplay between the gut microbiota and MAPK/NF-κ B/Nrf2 signaling in depression: pharmacological insights from traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past two decades, immune-inflammatory dysregulation has emerged as a central paradigm in the biology of mood disorders. Patients with major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) frequently display low-grade systemic inflammation. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) identify clinically relevant subgroups of patients characterized by greater severity, cognitive impairment, and poor treatment response. Changes in the gut microbiota and disruptions of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) act as important gateways through which systemic immune activity can influence the brain. At the intracellular level, pattern-recognition receptors activate convergent hubs including NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and MAPK cascades, while the NLRP3 inflammasome integrates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress with IL-1β release and pyroptosis. These pathways converge on glial dysregulation, impaired BDNF/TrkB signaling, and kynurenine pathway (KP) alterations, fostering excitotoxicity and synaptic deficits. Translational studies demonstrate that elevated CRP and IL-6 predict poor antidepressant outcomes. Anti-inflammatory agents such as infliximab and celecoxib show efficacy in specific subgroups of patients. Emerging multi-omics approaches identify immuno-metabolic biotypes, supporting the rationale for biomarker-guided stratification. These findings define an 'inflammatory biotype' of mood disorders and highlight the need for biomarkers and precision-based trials to guide treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.