Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41090103›Full record

ReviewOncoscience2025

Targeted therapies and resistance mechanisms in lymphoma: Current landscape and emerging solutions.

Bishal Tiwari, Roshan Afshan, Shruthi Sridhar

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Oncoscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Bishal TiwariNassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, Long Island, NY 11554, USA.
Roshan AfshanDetroit Medical Center Wayne State University, MI 48202, USA.
Shruthi SridharNassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, Long Island, NY 11554, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lymphomas represent a diverse group of hematologic malignancies with variable clinical behavior and underlying biology. The fifth edition of the WHO classification (WHO-HAEM5, 2022) provides an updated, lineage-based framework to categorize lymphoid neoplasms, integrating immunophenotypic, genetic, and clinical features. With advancements in molecular profiling and immunotherapy, targeted treatments have transformed the therapeutic landscape of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This review delineates the critical role of cell surface and intracellular receptors-including CD19, CD20, CD30, PD-1, and CCR4-in lymphoma pathogenesis and as therapeutic targets. We comprehensively evaluate FDA-approved targeted agents, including monoclonal antibodies (rituximab, brentuximab vedotin, obinutuzumab, mogamulizumab), immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), CAR T-cell therapies (axi-cel, tisa-cel, liso-cel, brexu-cel), bispecific T-cell engagers (mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab), and small-molecule inhibitors (ibrutinib, idelalisib, venetoclax). Each class is appraised for mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety in key lymphoma subtypes. Despite significant progress, therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle. We categorize resistance mechanisms as antigen loss or modulation, pathway reactivation, immune microenvironment adaptation, and genetic/epigenetic evolution. Examples include CD19 antigen loss post-CAR-T therapy, BTK mutations conferring ibrutinib resistance, and immune checkpoint upregulation impairing T-cell function. Emerging strategies to counteract resistance include rational combination therapies, dual-targeted CAR constructs, next-generation bispecific antibodies, and precision-guided immunotherapy. Integration of biomarker profiling, real-time resistance monitoring, and novel immune-engineering approaches offers potential to overcome current therapeutic limitations. In conclusion, understanding the molecular basis of lymphoma and resistance mechanisms is critical to optimizing targeted therapy. This review synthesizes current evidence to inform clinical decision-making and outlines future directions for durable, personalized lymphoma care.

Indexed as

antibody-drug conjugateCAR-Tdrug resistancelymphomatargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID41090103
PMCPMC12517221

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.