Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41086810›Full record

ArticleCell reports. Medicine2025

Decoding tumor heterogeneity: A spatially informed pan-cancer analysis of the tumor microenvironment.

Francesca Lodi, Sam Vanmassenhove, Duojiao Chen, Bram Boeckx, Lucas Ferreira Maciel, Frederik Peeters, Elena Donders, Heesoo Song, Luuk Harbers, Joanna Poźniak and 26 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Francesca LodiLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Sam VanmassenhoveLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Duojiao ChenZhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Bram BoeckxLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Lucas Ferreira MacielVIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Frederik PeetersVIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Digestive Oncology, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Elena DondersVIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pneumology, Division of Respiratory Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Heesoo SongLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Luuk HarbersBioinformatics Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Joanna PoźniakVIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Liselore LoverixDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Yiduo ZhouZhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Michel BilaDepartment of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Ayse BassezLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Sarah CappuynsDigestive Oncology, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Tom VenkenLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Siel OlbrechtDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Amelie FrankenLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Pierre Van MolDepartment of Pneumology, Division of Respiratory Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Rogier SchepersLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Thomas van BrusselLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Gino PhilipsLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Hanne VosDepartment of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Machteld KeupersDepartment of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Frederik De SmetLaboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Institute for Single-cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Sabine TejparDigestive Oncology, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Oliver BechterDepartment of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Gabriele BergersVIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Resistance, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Ann SmeetsDepartment of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Paul ClementDepartment of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Els WautersDepartment of Pneumology, Division of Respiratory Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Jeroen DekervelDigestive Oncology, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Toon Van GorpDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Junbin QianZhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Jean-Christophe MarineVIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Diether LambrechtsLaboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: diether.lambrechts@kuleuven.be.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pan-cancer single-cell atlases explore the heterogeneity of cell types residing within the tumor microenvironment (TME). So far, atlases focused on individual cell types, failing to capture the full complexity of the TME. Here, we present a single-cell atlas that simultaneously considers heterogeneity in 5 cell types, collected from 230 treatment-naive samples across 9 cancer types. We identify 70 pan-cancer single-cell subtypes, investigate their patterns of co-occurrence and show an enrichment of specific subtypes in certain TMEs, e.g., immune-reactive versus immune-suppressive TME. We observe two TME hubs of strongly co-occurring subtypes: one hub resembling tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), another consisting of immune-reactive PD1+/PD-L1+ immune-regulatory T cells and B cells, dendritic cells and inflammatory macrophages. Subtypes belonging to each hub are spatially co-localized, while their abundance associates with early and long-term checkpoint immunotherapy response. We publicly share our atlas using a Shiny app, allowing others to explore TME heterogeneity in different biological contexts.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentB7-H1 AntigenDendritic CellsHumansImmunotherapyLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMacrophagesSingle-Cell AnalysisT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryB7-H1 AntigenICBimmune checkpoint blockadepan-cancerscRNA-seqsingle-cell RNA sequencingtertiary lymphoid structureTLSTMEtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41086810
PMCPMC12629804

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.