Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41086014›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2025

Strengthening the Capacity of Service Providers to Reduce the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on African, Caribbean, and Black Communities: Protocol for the COVID-19 African, Caribbean, and Black Providers Project 2.0 Implementation and Evaluation.

Josephine Etowa, Hugues Loemba, Liana Bailey, Sanni Yaya, Charles Dabone, Egbe B Etowa, Bishwajit Ghose, Wale Ajiboye, Jane Tyerman, Marian Luctkar-Flude and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Josephine EtowaSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2019-7958
Hugues LoembaMontfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9251-2908
Liana BaileySchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8944-9573
Sanni YayaThe George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4876-6043
Charles DaboneSchool of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2896-9967
Egbe B EtowaDaphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Faculty of Community Services, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0982-755X
Bishwajit GhoseSchool of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4461-3821
Wale AjiboyeSt Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9526-2895
Jane TyermanSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8158-0833
Marian Luctkar-FludeSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3343-1187
Jennifer RaynerAlliance for Healthier Communities, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8705-2705
Onyenyechukwu NnoromDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0009-0007-3919-1069
Robin TaylorOttawa Public Health, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0009-0008-6243-2104
Goldameir OnekaDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Bagnini KohounCanadians of African Descent Health Organization, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0009-0007-6850-2014
Wangari TharaoWomen's Health in Women's Hands Community Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6166-401X
Haoua InouaAIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Committee of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Ruby EdetSomerset West Community Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Joseph KiiryaRiver Jordan Ministry, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Ky'okusinga KirungaAfrican Caribbean Council on HIV/AIDS in Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0009-0000-7320-7764
Janet KemeiDepartment of Mental Health Nursing and Community Wellness, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6078-4423
Arone FantayeInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7915-5966

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic emerged as an unprecedented challenge for health care systems across the world, disproportionately impacting immigrant and racialized populations. Canadian African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) communities represent some of the populations considered most vulnerable in terms of their susceptibility to health-related risks, receipt of adequate care, and chances of recovery.

objectiveThe COVID-19 ACB Providers Project 2.0 aims to strengthen the ability of health care providers to address this community's COVID-19-related health care needs. Informed by the COVID-19 ACB Providers Project 1.0, a mixed methods study that examined the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on African, Caribbean, and Black communities in Ontario (Ottawa and Toronto), this second study seeks to develop and implement educational programs in 5 key areas (modules) to strengthen the capacity of service providers (SPs) working with African, Caribbean, and Black populations. These modules (topics) include (1) the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on health, (2) social determinants of health and health inequities, (3) critical health literacy, (4) critical racial literacy, and (5) cultural competence and safety.

methodsAn implementation science approach is used to guide the development, implementation, and evaluation of the evidence-informed interventions. The intersectionality lens, socioecological model, and community-based participatory research frameworks are informing the research process. To ensure active stakeholder engagement, the project advisory committee includes 16 African, Caribbean, and Black community members, health providers, and partner agency representatives. Five modules have been developed: 2 web-based simulation games in collaboration with leading simulation experts and 3 nonsimulation modules. The analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation instructional design method was used as a framework to design and develop the educational modules.

resultsThe module development was completed in early 2024, and the training program was officially launched in April 2024 at the University of Ottawa. The synchronous format was delivered until November 2024, and the asynchronous format remained available until the end of May 2025. By January 2025, a total of 322 SPs from 33 organizations had completed training. The focus groups were held in November and December 2024 and surveys were administered between June 2024 and May 2025. Data cleaning will continue until September 2025, analysis is scheduled for September and October 2025, and findings are expected to be submitted for publication in November 2025.

conclusionsThis protocol outlines a scalable, community-informed intervention to build SP capacity in delivering equitable care to African, Caribbean, and Black communities. The findings will inform future health equity training and policy development across Canada and beyond. The results of this study will be disseminated in community workshops, web-based learning platforms, at academic conferences, and in peer-reviewed publications. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/66546.

Indexed as

COVID-19Health PersonnelAfricaBlack PeopleCapacity BuildingCaribbean RegionHumansOntarioPandemicsSARS-CoV-2COVID-19critical health literacycritical racial literacyeducationhealth and social service providershealth equity

Identifiers

PMID41086014
PMCPMC12569490

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.