ArticlePublic health nutrition2025
Restaurant marketing to kids in Canada: associations with restaurant consumption and appealing restaurant advertisement features in a nationally representative sample of Canadian young people aged 9-17 years.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveRestaurant marketing to children may be associated with consumption. We examined whether and to what extent reported frequency of restaurant advertisements exposure was associated with consumption and money spent at all types of restaurants among children living in Canada. We also describe what children and youth report as appealing restaurant marketing techniques.
designThis study reports findings from a cross-sectional, online survey. The survey covered reported exposure to restaurant marketing, restaurant product consumption, money spent at restaurants and appealing features of restaurant advertisements. Descriptive statistics and adjusted and unadjusted linear and logistic regressions were constructed.
settingCanadian provinces.
participants1500 children and youth aged 9-17 years.
resultsA third (32 %) of participants reported restaurant advertisement exposure at least once per day. Overall, 43 % of participants consumed restaurant products more than twice per week, 61 % spent at least some money at a restaurant in the last 7 d, and of those who spent money, the mean expenditure in the last week was $20·70. Frequency of advertisement exposure was significantly associated with all outcomes. Several significant differences in outcomes emerged by region, age and race/ethnicity. Pictures were the most appealing marketing technique among both age groups; however, youth (aged 13-17 years) seemed to prioritise price and price promotions, while children (aged 9-12 years) prioritised toys, humour and winning prizes.
conclusionsA large proportion of Canadian children and youth consumed restaurant offerings more than twice a week. Reported restaurant advertising exposure was significantly positively associated with restaurant consumption frequency and money spent at restaurants.
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