Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41084026›Full record

Trial reportChiropractic & manual therapies2025

Age differences in demographic and clinical characteristics among veterans with chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional study of baseline findings from the Veteran Response to Dosage in Chiropractic Therapy (VERDICT) trial.

Stacie A Salsbury, Cynthia R Long, Jacob McCarey, Anthony J Lisi, Anna Steward, Robert B Wallace, Christine M Goertz

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialPragmatic Clinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Chiropractic & manual therapies, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04087291 (VERDICT), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04087291 nacompletednot on this map

VERDICT (Veterans Response to Dosage in Chiropractic Therapy): A Pragmatic Randomized Trial Addressing Dose Effects for Chronic Low Back Pain

TypeinterventionalSponsorPalmer College of ChiropracticRan2021 to 2025Enrolled766ConditionsLow Back Pain, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Veterans HealthArmsChiropractic Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Stacie A SalsburyPalmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, Davenport, IA, 52803, USA. stacie.salsbury@palmer.edu.
Cynthia R LongPalmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, Davenport, IA, 52803, USA.
Jacob McCareyPalmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, Davenport, IA, 52803, USA.
Anthony J LisiVA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
Anna StewardPalmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, Davenport, IA, 52803, USA.
Robert B WallaceCollege of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 145 Riverside Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Christine M GoertzCollege of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 145 Riverside Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.

Funding

Pain Management Collaboratory Coordinating Center (PMC3)U24AT009769 · NCCIH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAM C BECKER, Alicia Heapy · 2017 to 2026
$16.4M
Chiropractic Care for Veterans: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial Addressing Dose Effects for cLBPUH3AT009761 · NCCIH · PALMER COLLEGE OF CHIROPRACTIC · PI GOERTZ, CHRISTINE MARIE, LONG, CYNTHIA R · 2019 to 2024
$7.2M
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) and the Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) UH3AT009761National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), the Office of Disease Prevention (ODP), the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR), and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) U24AT009769NCCIH NIH HHS U24 AT009769NCCIH NIH HHS UH3 AT009761
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVeteran Response to Dosage in Chiropractic Therapy (VERDICT) was a pragmatic randomized trial testing chiropractic dosage effects in 766 veterans with chronic low back pain (CLBP) of ≥ 3 months. This cross-sectional analysis compares baseline characteristics of younger (18-to-64 years) and older veterans (≥ 65 years).

methodsData were collected from February 22, 2021 to May 21, 2025 via electronic health records and REDCap questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and tests of group differences were performed using SAS.

resultsVERDICT enrolled 188 older veterans (25%; mean 72 years) and 578 younger veterans (75%; mean 44 years). More female (24.7% vs. 10.6%, p < .001), Black (18.9% vs. 12.2%), and Hispanic (11.8% vs. 3.7%, p = .001) veterans comprised the younger cohort. Employment differed (p < .001) with older veterans retired (78.2% vs. 14.2%) and younger veterans employed (59% vs. 16.5%). About 14% lived rurally and period of military service was similar. Pain profiles were similar between younger and older veterans for > 5 years duration (78.4% vs. 73.4%), high-impact chronic pain (64.5% vs. 62.2%), mean pain interference [63.8(4.8) vs. 63.2(5.0)], and mean back-related disability (primary outcome) [11.9(5.2) vs. 13.3(4.9)]. Younger veterans scored significantly higher than older veterans for depression (44.8% vs. 31.4%, p = .001), anxiety (41.5% vs. 20.7%, p < .001), post-traumatic stress (38.4% vs. 17.6%, p < .001), sleep disturbance (57.1% vs. 34.6%, p < .001), and high-risk alcohol use (25.4% vs. 18.1%, p = .05). Previous chiropractic use was similar (younger 75.4% vs. older 80.3%). Medications in past 3 months differed with younger veterans reporting cannabis (25.8% vs. 12.8%, p < .001) and muscle relaxants (31.7% vs. 17.6%, p < .001) and more older veterans reporting acetaminophen (63.3% vs. 49.3%, p < .001) and gabapentin (34% vs. 20.1%, p < .001). NSAIDs use was highest among both younger (62.8%) and older (56.9%) veterans. While two-thirds had tried exercise in the past 3 months, only 16% reported exercising for their pain condition, with older veterans more likely to report providers encouraging physical activity.

conclusionsSimilar pain profiles were reported among older and younger veterans seeking chiropractic care for CLBP within a clinical trial. However, potentially important age differences were noted in demographics, mental health and substance use, and CLBP treatments.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04087291. Date of Registration: 9/12/2019. Enrollment Duration: 2/22/2021 (first participant enrolled) through 5/10/2024 (last participant enrolled).

Indexed as

Chronic PainLow Back PainManipulation, ChiropracticVeteransAdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultAge factorsChiropracticChronic painDemographicFactorsLow back painManipulationMental healthMusculoskeletal painPragmatic clinical trialPrescriptionsVeterans

Identifiers

PMID41084026
PMCPMC12516875

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.