Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41084022›Full record

ReviewConflict and health2025

Understanding relationships among climate change, conflict, migration/displacement and health in humanitarian settings: a scoping review.

Molly E Lasater, Gabrielle Prager, Yuni A Choi, Tim Groteclaes, Divya Rao, Shona P Kamps, Chiara Altare, Paul B Spiegel

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Conflict and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Local Violence as an Environmental Exposure with Increasing Relevance under Climate Change: A Conceptual Framework.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Health risks of oil and gas development.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Molly E LasaterSocial and Behavioral Interventions Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Mlasater@jhu.edu.
Gabrielle PragerJohns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Yuni A ChoiJohns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Tim GroteclaesJohns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Divya RaoJohns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Shona P KampsJohns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Chiara Altare *Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Paul B Spiegel *Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClimate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of various extreme weather events across regions, globally. Climate change has also been associated with conflict, migration and displacement, and health in complex and multi-causal relationships, particularly in humanitarian settings. This study aimed to better understand linkages and relationships at the nexus of climate change, conflict, migration/displacement, and health in humanitarian settings.

methodsWe searched the academic literature in four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, GreenFILE) and the grey literature in 18 organizational websites. Titles and abstracts, and full texts from the academic literature were independently screened by two reviewers following PRISMA scoping review guidelines. For the grey literature, a single reviewer screened titles and abstracts and full texts, and extracted data. All extracted data were synthesized by domain.

resultsWe included 178 articles in this scoping review, describing four domains: climate change and migration/displacement and health; climate change and conflict and migration/displacement; climate change and conflict and migration/displacement and health; and climate change and conflict and health. Articles most frequently focused on climate change, migration/displacement and health. We identified complex, non-linear, multicausal and interrelated relationships at the nexus of these domains in diverse contexts that informed the development of a conceptual framework of direct and indirect relationships. We found that climate change, conflict, migration/displacement, and health intersect with pre-existing vulnerabilities to further exacerbate risks and vulnerabilities or cause new risks and vulnerabilities at this nexus.

conclusionWhile associations among climate change, conflict, migration/displacement and health are of significant concern, there has been limited examination at this nexus. Findings of this review indicate that research and practice should critically consider and embrace the complex and interrelated ways in which climate change has interrelated and cascading impacts on conflict, migration/displacement and health. Future research can build upon the findings of this review to identify the strength of associations at this nexus and holistic and effective responses. There is a need to adopt integrated and multi-disciplinary approaches to research, programming and policy in humanitarian settings while strengthening climate-resilient health systems.

Indexed as

Climate changeConflictDisplacementHealthHumanitarianMigration

Identifiers

PMID41084022
PMCPMC12519749

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.