SynthesisArthritis care & research2026
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence and Prevalence of Low Back Pain in the United States: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Arthritis care & research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis systematic review synthesizes existing evidence to quantify racial and ethnic disparities in low back pain (LBP) incidence and prevalence in the United States across stages of chronicity (acute, subacute, and chronic LBP).
methodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science (through January 7, 2025) for studies reporting LBP incidence or prevalence by race and ethnicity in US adults. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Exposure (ROBINS-E) tool.
resultsOf 8,145 citations, 23 studies met inclusion criteria (10 on incidence, 13 on prevalence). Some incidence studies found higher risk of chronic LBP among Black adults compared to White adults, whereas data on Hispanic and Latino adults remain limited. Prevalence studies showed higher rates in White and American Indian and Alaska Native adults, with lower prevalence in Black, Hispanic and Latino, and Asian adults. Military studies consistently reported that Black service members experienced higher LBP incidence compared to other races. No studies examined the subacute state.
conclusionThis review highlights persistent race-based differences in LBP, with critical gaps in research on acute LBP incidence and community-based prevalence. Future studies should prioritize population-based research to better capture racial differences in LBP burden and inform targeted interventions.
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