Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41083250›Full record

ArticleVox sanguinis2026

Potential benefits of an alternative haemoglobin deferral strategy evaluated in seven countries.

Amber Meulenbeld, Claire Styles, Glen Shuttleworth, Supun Manathunga, Hans van Remoortel, Lucile Malard, Tinus Brits, Ronel Swanevelder, Jose Antonio García-Erce, Iris Garcia-Martínez and 7 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vox sanguinis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Amber MeulenbeldDonor Health, Department of Research, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-2179
Claire StylesPathology and Clinical Governance, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3840-847X
Glen ShuttleworthResearch and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.
Supun ManathungaDivision of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Hans van RemoortelCentre for Evidence-Based Practice, Belgian Red Cross, Brussels, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1942-1799
Lucile MalardEtablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France.
Tinus BritsBusiness Intelligence, South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Ronel SwanevelderBusiness Intelligence, South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Jose Antonio García-ErceBanco de Sangre y Tejidos de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7662-6286
Iris Garcia-MartínezLaboratori de Coagulopaties Congènites, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain.
Surendra KarkiResearch and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-4171
Marijke WelvaertResearch and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.
W Alton RussellSchool of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1780-4470
Mikko ArvasResearch and Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6902-8488
Katja van den HurkDonor Health, Department of Research, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3241-6003
Mart PothastTransfusion Technology Assessment, Department of Research, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-1307
Mart JanssenTransfusion Technology Assessment, Department of Research, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1682-7817

Funding

Australian GovernmentStichting Sanquin Bloedvoorziening 21-10/L2590Stichting Sanquin Bloedvoorziening PPOC23-09/L2753Valtion tutkimusrahoitus
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesOn-site donor deferral for low haemoglobin (Hb) levels poses significant challenges for blood establishments globally, leading to material wastage and consumption of valuable staff and donor time. Traditionally, donors are deferred based on a single visit's Hb measurement, without considering previous Hb levels and measurement variability. This study aims to quantify, in different settings, the potential impact of an alternative deferral algorithm based on historical mean Hb levels. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe retrospectively reassessed donor eligibility in 20,430,816 donations and deferrals in Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, the Netherlands, South Africa and the United States using an algorithm that considers a repeat donor eligible as long as their historical mean Hb is above the deferral threshold and deviations from the mean are consistent with anticipated measurement variability. We quantified the potential impact of the alternative algorithm by calculating the change in donations and deferrals.

resultsAcross countries, the alternative algorithm may reduce low Hb deferrals between 30% and 70%. Additionally, in every country, a small proportion of current donors (~1%) donate who exhibit consistent low Hb levels. Balancing new deferrals and donations, the estimated net increase in donations across countries ranges between 0.7% and 3.3%.

conclusionThe alternative deferral algorithm based on mean Hb levels is a first step towards a more comprehensive assessment of Hb levels to determine donor eligibility. Further research is needed to refine the algorithm, to determine its long-term impact, to improve the model with information related to iron stores and recovery and to address the impact on donor safety.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsBlood DonorsDonor SelectionHemoglobinsAustraliaFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesHemoglobinsblood donationdonor deferralHb measurementmeasurement variability

Identifiers

PMID41083250
PMCPMC12803770

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.