Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41081981›Full record

ArticleAMB Express2025

Immunomodulatory effects of chitosan oligosaccharides produced by chitosanase from Bacillus isolate.

Akram N Salah, Nooran S Elleboudy, Mohamed M S Farag, Talat A El-Kersh, Mahmoud A Yassien

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in AMB Express, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Akram N SalahExperimental and Advanced Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Nooran S ElleboudyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Mohamed M S FaragBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Talat A El-KershMicrobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt.
Mahmoud A YassienDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt. Mahmoud.yassien@pharma.asu.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8645-9280

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) are short-length oligomers produced by the action of chitosanase enzymes. These oligomers are characterized by high water solubility and bioavailability. COSs have demonstrated several biological activities in the medical field, including antitumor, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory. This study aimed to assess and purify bio-produced COSs obtained from a culture containing a locally isolated Bacillus cereus strain from an Egyptian soil sample and investigate their biological activities, such as immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. The COSs were bio-produced by fermentation of a native B. cereus strain in media containing colloidal chitosan hydrolyzed by the action of chitosanase enzyme. COSs were then purified on a column packed with a Sephadex LH-20 column. The purified form of COSs were quantified and detected according to their molecular weights and degree of polymerization by UPLC-Mass spectroscopy. The purified COSs were detected as polymers of GlcN at different degrees of polymerization (DP1-DP6) and different molecular weight ranges (m z

Indexed as

Anti-inflammatoryBacillus cereusChitosanaseChitosan oligosaccharidesImmunomodulatoryImmunostimulatoryLc–ms

Identifiers

PMID41081981
PMCPMC12518737

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.