Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41081384›Full record

ArticleArtificial organs2026

Optimizing Donor Kidneys During Normothermic Machine Perfusion With Sevoflurane: Design of a Research Model.

Philip N Günkel, Shuqi Yang, Rozemarijn S Tuinhout, Sebastiaan J Luttik, Roland F Hoffmann, Petra J Ottens, Damien Richard, Matthieu Jabaudon, Michel M R F Struys, Henri G D Leuvenink and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Artificial organs, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Philip N GünkelDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5697-0819
Shuqi YangDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0617-4701
Rozemarijn S TuinhoutDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Sebastiaan J LuttikDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Roland F HoffmannDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Petra J OttensDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Damien RichardDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Matthieu JabaudonDepartment of Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Michel M R F StruysDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Henri G D LeuveninkDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Gertrude J Nieuwenhuijs-MoekeDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Funding

Tekke Huizinga Fonds STHF/AD 24.004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) of donor kidneys provides an opportunity not only for organ preservation but also for therapeutic intervention to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and support tissue repair. Sevoflurane, a volatile anesthetic known to protect against IRI in other organ systems, has not previously been explored in the context of kidney NMP. This study aimed to establish a stable and reproducible porcine kidney NMP model incorporating sevoflurane delivery. Different administration techniques and oxygenator setups were evaluated to identify the most effective method of sevoflurane application. Administering sevoflurane directly as a liquid into the perfusate resulted in excessive gas formation and unstable drug concentrations. In contrast, using a vaporizer connected to an Inspire 8F M oxygenator allowed for stable and reproducible sevoflurane levels over a 90-min perfusion period, while maintaining sufficient oxygenation. This method proved to be a reliable approach for sevoflurane delivery in kidney NMP. However, oxygenators exposed to sevoflurane should not be reused due to the risk of membrane damage. These findings support the feasibility of using sevoflurane in kidney NMP and provide a platform for further investigation into its potential to improve renal graft outcomes.

Indexed as

Anesthetics, InhalationKidneyKidney TransplantationOrgan PreservationPerfusionSevofluraneAnimalsModels, AnimalReperfusion InjurySwineAnesthetics, InhalationSevoflurane

Identifiers

PMID41081384
PMCPMC12993249

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.