Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41080996›Full record

ArticleAsian bioethics review2025

The Proliferation of Medical Clinics in Pakistani Street and Health Fragmentation: A Case Study.

Jamil Ahmed Sheikh, Shuaib Farooq, Shehla Nazmeen, Ghulam Yasin

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Asian bioethics review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jamil Ahmed SheikhDepartment of Sociology, University of Wah, Wah, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-0342-3063
Shuaib FarooqDepartment of Islamic Studies, University of Wah, Wah, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Shehla NazmeenDepartment of Sociology, University of Wah, Wah, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Ghulam YasinDepartment of Management Sciences, University of Wah, Wah, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The proliferation of medical clinics on urban streets in Pakistan presents a paradoxical situation that leads to healthcare fragmentation. Low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan face various challenges, exacerbating inequalities in access to delivery of treatment, low-quality standards, behavioral issues, a lack of accountability, and reduced patient satisfaction, which lead to inefficiencies. This study examines the elements that contribute to this condition, such as patient preferences, organizational incentives, and the amount of patient knowledge. Data was collected through surveys (

Indexed as

Doctor-patient interactionHealth fragmentationLack of coordinationPatients trust

Identifiers

PMID41080996
PMCPMC12508304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.