Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41080882›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Determinants of sub-optimal complementary feeding practices among caregivers of children aged 6-23 months in low-and middle-income countries: scoping review.

Maishataba Solomon Makwela, Reneilwe Given Mashaba

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Maishataba Solomon MakwelaDepartment of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa.
Reneilwe Given MashabaDikgale Mamabolo Mothiba (DIMAMO) Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Low to middle income countries are burdened by undernutrition and malnutrition mostly affecting children aged < 2 years due to inappropriate feeding practices. Inappropriate feeding practices have been associated with irreversible damage such as stunting and cognitive delays. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to investigate factors that influence sub-optimal complementary feeding practices among caregivers of children aged 6-23 months in low- and middle-income countries. A holistic view of these factors may assist in developing models to prevent inappropriate feeding practices. Methods: The scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. Results: One hundred and eight (109) manuscripts were included in the review with a sample size of 1,000,028 caregiver/mother child pairs. Several themes were identified relating to factors that contribute to sub-optimal complementary feeding practices. These included social economic factors, maternal and caregiver's characteristics, child specific factors, cultural and societal influences, health and nutritional services, environment and living conditions, as well as barriers to optimal CF practice. Conclusions: This scoping review consolidated evidence from a substantial sample of more than one million mother-child pairs from different low- and middle-income countries. The sample size and diversity provide a strong, representative foundation for informing policy, practice, and future research directions. The present study highlighted that feeding practices are affected by multiple factors and that there are interlinks between determinants of sub-optimal CF. These factors of sub-optimal CF and their respective interlinks are different for different locations and should inform future intervention studies and preventative models to better address sub-optimal CF in low to middle income countries.

Indexed as

CaregiversDeveloping CountriesFeeding BehaviorInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaFemaleHumansInfantMalecomplementary feeding educationcomplementary feeding knowledgedeterminantsinfant feeding educationlow and middle-income countriesnutritional statusscoping reviewsub-optimal complementary feeding practice

Identifiers

PMID41080882
PMCPMC12511044

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.