ArticleInternational journal of endocrinology2025
Hhatl Reduces Apoptosis of Müller Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy by Relieving Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.
Article in International journal of endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular disease, also involves retinal neurodegeneration. Müller cells exert an important role in the retina, and their destabilization and reduction affect the physiological function of the retina. To investigate the effect and mechanism of hedgehog acyltransferase-like (Hhatl) on Müller cells in DR. Methods: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Müller cells of DR rats were first analyzed by single-cell transcriptomics techniques (scRNA-seq). Regulating Hhatl expression, cell viability was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay; apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling (TUNEL); the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was assessed by immunofluorescence; and Ca Results: scRNA-seq analysis revealed that Hhatl was low-expressed in Müller cells of DR rats. In vitro assays confirmed that upregulation of Hhatl could increase rMC-1 Bcl2 expression, decrease Bax expression, and reduce apoptosis in HG environments. In addition, Hhatl did downregulate ATF6 expression, decrease CHOP and GRP78 levels, and reduce Ca Conclusion: Hhatl reduces apoptosis of Müller cells in DR by alleviating ATF6-related ERS signaling.
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