ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Lung cancer tumor immune microenvironment: analyzing immune escape mechanisms and exploring emerging therapeutic targets.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cell-type specificity of Tim-3 in respiratory diseases: from mechanisms to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Chlorin e6-mediated sublethal photodynamic therapy modulates biomarkers in a murine lung cancer-derived in vitro cancer-associated fibroblast model.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- Advances in miRNA-Mediated Bidirectional Crosstalk and Immune Evasion Mechanisms Between Lung Cancer Cells and CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- APE1/Ref-1: multifunctional biology, selective inhibition, and the path to clinical translation.Expert opinion on therapeutic targets · 2026Review
- Integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveals novel biomarkers of invasive adenocarcinoma subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- A new era of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer: artificial intelligence-driven multimodal data integration and clinical applications.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world. Presently, there are still problems, including a high recurrence rate, resistance, and serious toxic side effects, even if conventional treatments like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy have somewhat improved patient survival. Even though immune checkpoint inhibitors that target programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand 1 have fundamentally altered the therapeutic paradigm, the core mechanism is strongly linked to tumor immune escape, and some patients continue to have poor response rates or treatment resistance. The mechanisms of immune escape in the immunological microenvironment of lung cancer, involving metabolic reprogramming, overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules, and abnormalities in antigen presentation, are systematically summarized in this review. The article also sums up new therapeutic targets and promising clinical trials. The goal is to provide a solid theoretical foundation for further research into the immune escape mechanism, the creation of new immunotherapeutic targets, and personalized therapeutic strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.