ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Succinate in innate immunity: linking metabolic reprogramming to immune modulation.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in OSAHS and associated comorbidities: Mechanism and potential targeted therapeutic strategies.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Acute Kidney Injury-to-Chronic Kidney Disease Transition-Associated Macrophage Subtypes: Biological Functions and Intercellular Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The roles of ginseng and ginsenosides for immune regulation: Relation to immunometabolic responses.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Macrophage immunometabolic reprogramming in inflammatory repair failure in osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Genetic, cellular, and environmental factors influencing tumourigenesis in carriers of succinate dehydrogenase germline mutations.Endocrine-related cancer · 2026Review
- Targeting ARF6-SUCNR1 Axis: Antisense Oligonucleotide Adjuvants for Neutrophil Immunometabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Buwang Formula Regulates Microglial Metabolic Reprogramming and Modulates the mTOR/HIF-1α Pathway to Reduce Neuroinflammation in Diabetic Mice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The microbiome across the prostate disease continuum: from health and BPH to prostatitis/CPPS and cancer.Oncogene · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming of Th17/Treg imbalance in autoimmune thyroid diseases.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Serum Metabolomic Profiling Across Five Oligoclonal Band (OCB) Patterns: A TargetedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Mechanisms by which complex carbohydrates influence immune imbalance in COPD via the gut-lung axis: from colonic fermentation to pulmonary immune responses.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- HIF-1α-centered metabolic reprogramming in osteoarthritis: cell type-specific effects and intercellular crosstalk among chondrocytes, BMSCs, and macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sensing succinate: SUCNR1 as a context-dependent metabolic and cellular signal integrator.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Natural bioactive compounds targeting the macrophage clock in asthma: evidence, challenges, and perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Low hypoxia tolerance as a determinant of the proinflammatory phenotype: a trained immunity perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neoepitopes at the crossroads of immunometabolism: metabolic remodeling of antigen presentation in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutics of immunometabolic reprogramming driving macrophage-ECs interactions in sepsis-associated ARDS from the gut-lung axis perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Succinate is an essential metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. In mitochondria, succinate holds a unique position connecting the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain (ETC), thereby providing a shortcut path for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Beyond this fundamental role in cellular metabolism, succinate is increasingly acknowledged as a key modulator of immune cell function. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) stabilization, protein succinylation and cell-cell communication mediated by succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) are traits induced by succinate. During inflammation, succinate plays key dual roles, culminating in either pro- or anti-inflammatory effects that are tissue- and context-dependent. In this review, we provide a succinct overview focusing on the regulatory role of succinate in innate immune cells, highlighting involved mechanisms and research gaps that represent promising targets for future study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.