ArticleCureus2025
Clinical and Hematological Parameters and Their Correlation With the Severity of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Hospital-Based Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background Vitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient for optimal hematopoietic and neurocognitive function. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with a wide spectrum of diseases affecting various systems of the body. This study aimed to investigate the clinico-hematological parameters in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and analyze their correlation with severity. Methodology This hospital-based, prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, over 12 months (June 2022-May 2023). Vitamin B12 testing was not routinely performed for all OPD and IPD patients but was ordered based on clinical discretion; therefore, patients with serum vitamin B12 <180 pg/mL were included, regardless of anemia status. During the study period, a total of 420 adult patients were classified as deficient (100-179 pg/mL) or severely deficient (<100 pg/mL). Sociodemographic, clinical, and hematological parameters were collected and analyzed for correlation with the severity of vitamin B12 deficiency. Results Among 9,596 patients tested for vitamin B12, 2,193 had levels <180 pg/mL, giving a prevalence of 22.9% among tested individuals. Out of 420 patients who met our eligibility criteria, 268 participants (63.8%) were classified as vitamin B12 deficient, while 152 participants (36.2%) were severely deficient. The most common clinical features were pallor (236, 56.2%), fatigue (160, 38.10%), anorexia (156, 37.14%), and tingling sensations (135, 32.14%). Anemia was present in 315 participants (75%), with higher rates of moderate and severe anemia in the severely deficient group (
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