Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41080139›Full record

ArticleFood chemistry: X2025

In-depth analysis of the characteristics of volatile organic compounds in wines: a systematic study integrating intelligent sensory and metabolomics techniques with chemometrics and machine learning models.

Rui Xie, Jiawen Liu, Yutao Li, Yong Chen, Tian Shen, Meilong Xu, Yanlun Ju, Yulin Fang, Zhenwen Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Food chemistry: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rui XieCollege of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Jiawen LiuCollege of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yutao LiCollege of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yong ChenNingxia Helan Donglu Wine Industry Investment Development Group, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, China.
Tian ShenHorticultural Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China.
Meilong XuHorticultural Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China.
Yanlun JuCollege of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yulin FangCollege of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Zhenwen ZhangCollege of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in wines of 'Dornfelder' (DF), 'Petit Verdot' (PV), 'Pinot Noir' (PN), 'Sangiovese' (SV) and 'Malbec' (MB) were analyzed using an E-nose, HS-SPME-GC-MS and HS-GC-IMS. A total of 94 VOCs were identified by two techniques. Specifically, HS-SPME-GC-MS identified 70 compounds (alcohols' concentration accounting for 52.56%-68.75 %), and HS-GC-IMS identified 36 compounds (esters' concentration accounting for 35.58 %-42.05 %), with 12 compounds were identified by both methods. 15 key differential VOCs identified through chemometrics and machine learning analysis. Additionally, correlation analysis of E-nose sensor responses with key differential VOCs indicated that W2S, W2W, and W5S may be more suitable for predicting levels of 2-methylbutyl acetate, 3-methyl-butanoic acid, and isoamyl acetate, which can thus help to quickly identify PV wine. These results help to understand the flavor differences between different varieties of wines and provide a theoretical basis for wine flavor differentiation, quality control and product development.

Indexed as

2-Methyl-1-propanol (PubChem CID: 6560)2-Methylbutyl acetate (PubChem CID: 12209)3-Methyl-1-butanol (PubChem CID: 31260)3-Methyl-butanoic acid (PubChem CID: 10430)ChemometricsE-noseEthyl acetate (PubChem CID: 8857)Ethyl hexanoate (PubChem CID: 31265)HS-GC-IMSHS-SPME-GC–MSIsoamyl acetate (PubChem CID: 31276)Machine learningPhenylethyl alcohol (PubChem CID: 6054)Terpinen-4-ol (PubChem CID: 11230)Volatile organic compoundsWine(Z)-2-Hexen-1-ol (PubChem CID: 5324489)

Identifiers

PMID41080139
PMCPMC12513181

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.