SynthesisFrontiers in neurology2025
Clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture for urinary incontinence following spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Biomaterials and Nanomedicine for Mucosal Repair and Inflammation Control in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: An Extensive Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent clinical manifestation in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients, occurring in approximately 70% of these individuals. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the research evidence on electroacupuncture (EA) for UI after SCI, assess its clinical efficacy and safety, and provide a reference for clinical practice. Method: Eight databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from inception to May 20th, 2025. RCTs comparing EA (with or without conventional rehabilitation, CR) to CR alone for managing UI after SCI were included. Data were analyzed using R version 3.6.3. In accordance with PRISMA-2020 guidelines, two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (ROB 2.0). The certainty of the evidence was graded using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) according to GRADE handbook. Results: A total of 15 studies were included, comprising 1,394 patients with UI after SCI. The meta-analysis indicated that, compared to the CR group, the EA group showed a significant improvement in 24 h incontinence frequency (MD = -1.42, 95% CI [-1.88, -0.96], Conclusion: EA exhibits considerable potential to enhance self-control of bladder function in patients with UI following SCI. However, this study has certain limitations, and higher quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these findings. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024594516.
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