ArticleLaryngoscope investigative otolaryngology2025
Surgical Experience and Validation of the "Bow Tie" Trilayer Graft Technique for Closure of Anterior Skull Base Defects.
Article in Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Surgical Experience and Validation of the "Bow Tie" Trilayer Graft Technique for Closure of Anterior Skull Base Defects.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Multiple reconstruction techniques exist to repair defects arising from expanded endonasal approach (EEA) surgeries targeting anterior skull base tumors. These repairs aim to minimize post-operative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. In 2022, our group described the "Bow tie" trilayer graft, a repair method that incorporates two layers of a collagen matrix graft stitched to a fat graft. The initial data demonstrated a reduction in the rate of CSF leaks following the adoption of this method. This study evaluates the surgical practice of a single surgeon with access to the trilayer technique and the post-operative outcomes. Methods: Retrospective chart review encompassing all EEAs to anterior skull base tumors performed by a single otolaryngologist (JGG) from January 2019 to September 2024 at a tertiary care center. Results: Of 250 cases meeting inclusion criteria, 42 (16.8%) involved bow tie graft reconstruction. Postoperative CSF leaks occurred in 3 subjects (1.2%), with none of these cases involving bow tie grafts. Trilayer grafts were used more frequently in revision cases ( Conclusion: The trilayer graft is an efficient and useful tool in the armamentarium of an anterior skull base surgeon. This technique may decrease rates of postoperative CSF leak with limited additional morbidity. Larger multicenter studies are warranted to validate this potential benefit given the relative rarity of this complication. Level of Evidence: 4.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.