Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41077771›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of developmental psychology2026

The development of number reading: Fifth-grade children show adult-like visual analysis of digit strings.

Dror Dotan, Guy Almani, Meital Norman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of developmental psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Dror DotanMathematical Thinking Lab, School of Education and the Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0632-620X
Guy AlmaniMathematical Thinking Lab, School of Education and the Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Meital NormanMathematical Thinking Lab, School of Education and the Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Funding

Israel Science Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ability to read and write multi-digit numbers is increasingly recognised as a critical component of mathematical literacy. Previous studies showed that this skill takes years to develop, and children are not fluent even by the fourth grade. Here, we examined fifth-grade children as they read aloud briefly presented digit strings. They were no less accurate than adults. Moreover, several of their number reading patterns resembled those of adults, indicating adult-like functioning of the visual analyzer - the cognitive process that parses digit strings. Specifically, the children scanned digits from left to right, showed an advantage for outer digits over inner digits and demonstrated a dissociation between digit identification and position encoding. These findings indicate that by the fifth grade, children not only exhibit task proficiency in number reading, but they also rely on cognitive processes that are already mature in key aspects.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentMathematicsPattern Recognition, VisualReadingChildFemaleHumansMalecognitive developmentnumber readingvisual analysis of digit strings

Identifiers

PMID41077771
PMCPMC13155311

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.