ReviewJournal of advanced research2026
Beyond chromosomes: exploring the diverse functions of extrachromosomal circular DNA.
Review in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extrachromosomal DNA as a platform for epigenetic reprogramming in cancer.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Discovery and validation of GNA12Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is defined as a form of circular DNA that is widespread across various biological contexts and exists independently of chromosomal structures. The current distribution of total eccDNA identified in both healthy and tumor tissues shows genomic coverage ranging from 1.18% to 30.73%. EccDNAs are double-stranded, covalently closed, circular DNA molecules that originate from mechanisms such as somatic rearrangements, genomic instability, and hypertranscription. EccDNA possesses an open chromatin structure, which can participate in transcriptional regulation across the entire genome and mediate extensive interactions between eccDNAs and between eccDNA and chromosomes. EccDNAs vary from a few dozen base pairs to megabases (Mb) and may include anything from small non-coding sequences to entire genes and regulatory elements. Current research methods limit the ability to knock down or knock out eccDNA like genomic DNA. Overexpressing individual eccDNAs is also challenging, making it difficult to explore their molecular function. This review examines the underexplored potential functions of eccDNA, with particular emphasis on its role as an enhancer and its involvement in the production of transcribed mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In addition, we provided a method for in vitro synthesis of eccDNA and a method for generating eccDNA in cells based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology, which provides a research foundation for elucidating its biological functions and mechanisms of action. Finally, this paper presents innovative prospects from a forward-looking perspective regarding the functional mechanisms and potential applications of eccDNA in various biological scenarios.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.