Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41076451›Full record

Observational studyDiabetologia2025

Daily life stress is linked to increased glucose levels in individuals with insulin resistance: a real-world assessment.

Esther Schrems, Judith R Gruber, Carmen Schiweck, Alea Ruf, Andreas Reif, Rejane Goldbach, Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah, Silke Matura

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Diabetologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Esther SchremsDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Judith R GruberDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Carmen SchiweckDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Alea RufDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6325-3249
Andreas ReifDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0992-634X
Rejane GoldbachInstitute for Biostatistics and Mathematic Modelling, University Medical Centre Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Sharmili Edwin ThanarajahDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-1474
Silke MaturaDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. simatura@med.uni-frankfurt.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7666-9534

Funding

Abbott Diabetes Care Donated DevicesBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 01EO2102 INITIALISEFraunhofer-Gesellschaft TheraNovaHessisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst LOEWEHorizon 2020 Framework Programme 847879JTC 2022 Era PerMed ERAPERMED2022-087
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisThe bidirectional relationship between stress and diabetes is well documented, with chronic stress increasing the risk of diabetes onset and stress adversely affecting clinical outcomes in individuals with diabetes. However, the impact of daily life stress on glucose levels in insulin-resistant individuals, who are at risk of type 2 diabetes, remains unclear.

methodsThe analysis included 116 participants (62 insulin-resistant [IR] and 54 insulin-sensitive [IS] participants) aged 18-78 years. Insulin resistance was defined by a HOMA-IR index above 2.5. Participants completed three standardised baseline questionnaires to assess their affective state. Using ambulatory assessment, daily life stress and affect were assessed for 3 days while continuous glucose monitoring was conducted for 7 days. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to estimate effects between parameters.

resultsWhile perceived daily stress was not different between individuals with insulin resistance and control participants, we found a significant positive effect of stress on blood glucose level ( CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationDaily life stress contributes to a significant increase in glucose levels in IR individuals, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to mitigate further deterioration and potential progression to type 2 diabetes. These results underscore the importance of integrating stress management strategies into diabetes prevention in at-risk populations. Ambulatory assessments can serve as monitoring tools for identifying at-risk individuals and for testing the efficacy of targeted interventions. CLINICAL

trial registrationRegistered under https://drks.de/register/de , identifier no. DRKS00022774.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Insulin ResistanceStress, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultBlood GlucoseAmbulatory assessmentBlood glucoseInsulin resistanceStress

Identifiers

PMID41076451
PMCPMC12594686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.