Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41076082›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical sciences2025

Biowaiver monograph for immediate-release solid oral dosage forms: Empagliflozin.

Reiji Negoya, Mayuki Tsueoka, Xichen Sun, Shuto Nishida, Bertil Abrahamsson, Naseem A Charoo, Rodrigo Cristofoletti, Peter Langguth, Mehul Mehta, Alan Parr and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Reiji NegoyaFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Mayuki TsueokaFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Xichen SunFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Shuto NishidaFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Bertil AbrahamssonGlobal Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Naseem A CharooWissen Healthcare LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Rodrigo CristofolettiCollege of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Peter LangguthDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Mehul MehtaCenter for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Alan ParrBioceutics LCC, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA.
James E PolliSchool of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Vinod P ShahPharmaceutical Consultant, Richmond, VA, USA.
Jennifer DressmanPharmaceutical Consultant, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Atsushi KambayashiFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kambayashi@rs.tus.ac.jp.

Funding

Intramural FDA HHS FD999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of this monograph is to assess the applicability of the BCS-based biowaiver for empagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) inhibitor indicated for the oral management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this assessment, published evidence on membrane permeability, solubility, and formulation performance was examined to determine whether the BCS-based biowaiver can be applied. Empagliflozin is highly soluble but not highly permeable. Therefore, it was concluded that empagliflozin is a BCS class III drug. In cases where a test formulation has a formulation similar to that of the innovator product (Jardiance) and both formulations show very rapid dissolution with 85 % or more in 15 min, immediate-release solid oral formulation containing empagliflozin are eligible for a waiver of clinical studies. The ability to apply the biowaiver concept to empagliflozin, as proposed in this monograph, would contribute to the streamlined approval of generic versions of this essential medicine around the world.

Indexed as

Benzhydryl CompoundsGlucosidesHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAdministration, OralChemistry, PharmaceuticalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansPermeabilitySolubilityBenzhydryl CompoundsempagliflozinGlucosidesHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAbsorptionBioavailabilityBioequivalenceBiopharmaceutics classification system (BCS)BiowaiverDissolutionEmpagliflozinPermeabilitySolubility

Identifiers

PMID41076082
PMCPMC13019345

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.