ArticleJournal of anxiety disorders2025
Psychometric evaluation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 in daily surveys: An item response theory and longitudinal measurement invariance analysis.
Article in Journal of anxiety disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for the DSM-5 (PCL-5) has demonstrated excellent psychometric qualities across cross-sectional studies, yet the scale's performance in intensive longitudinal studies is less known. Using data from the PCL-5 administered daily for 9 days, we (a) conducted item analysis of the PCL-5 using the graded response model to examine item characteristics (thresholds and discrimination parameters) and (b) examined differential item functioning (DIF) to evaluate whether the PCL-5 measured the PTSD latent trait identically across daily surveys (i.e., longitudinal measurement invariance). Methodologically, 256 trauma-exposed university students (Mage = 21.01 ± 4.24; 85.8 % women; 41.0 % probable PTSD) completed the 20-item PCL-5 for 9 consecutive days. Across days, results indicated lower but acceptable discrimination for PCL-5 items 8 (traumatic amnesia), 16 (reckless or self-destructive behaviors), and 17 (hypervigilance). Further, 14 % of participants exhibited person misfit at least once across the 9 days. DIF analysis indicated that Item 2 (nightmares) exhibited DIF across days indicating potential bias; however, the effect sizes for DIF were negligible. In conclusion, the results broadly provide psychometric support for using the 20-item PCL-5 in intensive longitudinal studies. Future replication of study results across diverse and clinical populations could help to further strengthen these findings.
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